Paul King

Paul King

Lead Engineer & Architect

Designing scalable AI agent architectures and conversational systems. Former technical lead at bet365, now building the core infrastructure that powers intelligent multi-agent workflows.

System Architecture Conversational AI Agent Workflows

Articles by Paul King

Annie Architecture: Hierarchical Mixture of Experts for Sovereign AI

Annie Architecture: Hierarchical Mixture of Experts for Sovereign AI

Annie is a hierarchical Mixture of Experts system that applies the same sparse-activation principle driving frontier AI efficiency — route to the right expert, activate only what you need — at the level of entire models rather than neural network layers.

The Annie Hypothesis: Why Small Expert Models Will Win

The Annie Hypothesis: Why Small Expert Models Will Win

The AI industry is converging on a conclusion that the frontier labs do not want to hear: the era of the monolithic model is ending. Not because large models are bad — they are extraordinary feats of engineering — but because they are economically unsustainable, operationally fragile, and architecturally mismatched to the work enterprises actually need done.